Dr. Lee A. Bygrave (<http://folk.uio.no/lee>) is Associate Professor at the Law Faculty of the University of Oslo. He is also Barrister of the Supreme Court of New South Wales, Sydney, and Research Associate (formerly Co-Director) of the Baker & McKenzie Cyberspace Law and Policy Centre at the University of New South Wales. Other appointments include membership of the Advisory Board for the Data Protection Research and Policy Group at the British Institute of International and Comparative Law, London and membership of the editorial board of Privacy Law & Policy Reporter. His teaching appointments range across numerous institutions, including the universities of Vienna, Stockholm, Tilburg, New South Wales and Oslo.

Bygrave is a current consultant to the European Commission with respect to the regulation of transborder data flow. He has also acted as expert advisor on privacy and information security issues for a variety of other organizations, including the Nordic Council of Ministers, Norwegian government, U.S. National Academies and Telenor.

Bygrave has published extensively on the inter-relationship of data privacy law and intellectual property law, particularly in the context of Digital Rights Management Systems. He has also published an international standard work in the field of data privacy law, Data Protection Law: Approaching Its Rationale, Logic and Limits (The Hague: Kluwer, 2002).

His other fields of specialisation are information security, computer crime, intellectual property law, private international law, alternative dispute resolution, and consumer protection law.